Heat the vegetable oil in a heavy-bottomed pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Sauté the sliced onions until they are deeply golden brown.
Stir in the garlic paste and ginger paste, cooking for 1 minute until fragrant. Add the chopped tomatoes and cook until they break down into a thick paste.
Add the cubed beef chuck roast, garam masala, turmeric, coriander powder, and Kashmiri red chili powder. Sear the meat for 5 to 7 minutes until well-coated and lightly browned.
Pour in the beef broth, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot. Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat to low, cover, and braise for 60 minutes.
Add the peeled and halved potatoes to the pot. Cover and continue to simmer for 30 to 40 minutes, or until both the beef and the potatoes are fork-tender.
Remove the pot from the heat, garnish with fresh chopped cilantro, and serve hot over basmati rice or with naan bread.